Yes, many of them can. Not all of them can. The useful answer is material by material, not a single percentage.
Furniture
Sound furniture should be reused or sold if it will still serve. Damaged particle board is often residual waste. Clean timber from older pieces can sometimes be recycled or reused even when the piece itself is finished. Upholstery depends on condition. Damp and infestation end the conversation.
Metals
Appliances, radiators, copper, aluminium and mixed scrap have established recycling routes. They should be separated rather than buried in general household waste.
Electrical goods
Working machines may still be usable. Failed ones should go through electrical recycling, not a mixed bin. Fridges and freezers need handling that respects the fact they are not ordinary rubbish.
Paper, cardboard and books
Dry, clean paper and cardboard recycle easily. Books can be reused if they are in readable condition. Wet, mouldy paper is a disposal item.
Textiles
Clean clothing and linen can often be reused or recycled. Heavily soiled, damp or contaminated textiles usually cannot. A black bag of mixed rags is not automatically a donation.
Wood and garden materials
Clean timber is more useful than painted or treated wood. Garden waste is a different stream from household contents. Mixed soil, rotting timber and household plastics should not be treated as one load.
What still goes to disposal
Broken plastics, contaminated packaging, unusable soft furnishings and anything that has no practical reuse or recycling route. That residual waste should still travel with a legitimate carrier. Fly-tipping is not a cheaper form of recycling.
We will not claim zero waste. A house clearance produces some residual waste almost every time. The environmental page explains the order: reuse, resale, donation, recycling, then disposal.